Scientific Publications Related to Energy Expenditure

The publications section presents studies where Firstbeat solutions have been exploited.  The different scientific contexts include for example occupational health care, sleep research, psychotherapy, behavioral research, and sports coaching. Firstbeat methods have been used for research in over 100 universities and research institutions across Europe, North America, and Australia.

Title Author Year Journal/Proceedings Study design & Population Category Physiological parameter(s) Insights on findings
Energy Balance, Hormonal Status, and Military Performance in Strenuous Winter Training Nykänen T, Ojanen T, Vaara JP, Pihlainen K, Heikkinen R, Kyröläinen H & Fogelholm M 2023 International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 20(5), 4086 Experimental study, Male soldiers, N = 68 Applied use Energy Expenditure Firstbeat methods were used to estimate energy expenditure in a study examining the associations between energy intake, expenditure, and balance, hormones and military performance during a winter survival training.
Changes in Body Composition, Energy Metabolites and Electrolytes During Winter Survival Training in Male Soldiers Nykänen T, Ojanen T, Heikkinen R, Fogelholm M & Kyröläinen H 2022 Frontiers in Physiology 13:797268 Experimental study; Male soldiers, N = 68 Applied use Energy Expenditure Firstbeat methods were used to estimate energy expenditure in a study investigating the changes in body composition, energy metabolites and electrolytes during a 10-day winter survival training period.
Pulmonary Capacity, Blood Composition and Metabolism among Coal Mine Workers in High- and Low-Altitude Aboveground and Underground Workplaces Wang Y, Wang H, Chen Y, Xu N, Lee W & Lam W-K 2022 International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19 (14), 8295 Experimental study; healthy male coal mine workers from Tibet (altitude 3990–4400m) and Tangshan (altitude 100-120m), N = 71 Applied use HR; HRV: Energy expenditure, TRIMP The study used Firstbeat methods when comparing HRV, cardiorespiratory capacity and metabolism in coal mine workers at different altitudes (high vs. low altitude) and worksites (aboveground vs. underground). High-altitude mining workers can present higher HR, total energy expenditure, metabolism indicators and pulmonary function than those in the low-altitude region, which may be related to the hypoxic environment. Compared to the aboveground worksites, workers in underground mining demonstrated smaller HR, TRIMP and total energy expenditure.
Influence of chronic pain in physical activity of children with cerebral palsy Riquelme I, do Rosário R, Vehmaskoski K, Natunen P & Montoya P 2018 NeuroRehabilitation, 43 (2): 113-123. Cross-sectional study; 4-16 y children, n=52 Applied use Energy expenditure The study used Firstbeat Bodyguard for 24-h HR monitoring and Firstbeat energy expenditure assessment in four groups of children: children with cerebral palsy (CP) with and without chronic pain and typically developing peers with and without chronic pain.
Cardiovascular and Energy Requirements of Parents Watching Their Child Compete: A Pilot Mixed-Methods Investigation Lochbaum M, Prosoli R, Barić R 2017 Pedagogics, psychology, medical-biological problems of physical training and sports, 21(6):279–284 Qualitative study; Adults, n = 2 Applied use Energy Expenditure; Training Effect The study documented physiological reactions of parents watching their son to compete in national junior championship in judo. The father’s data repsented reactions comparable to aerobic activity. The pilot-type study presented unique data on parents and found wearable technology useful in qualitative research.
Novel tools in determining the physiological demands and nutritional practises of Ontario FireRangers during fire deployments Robertson AH, Larivière C, Leduc CR, McGillis Z, Eger T, Godwin A, Larivière M & Dorman SC 2017 PlosOne 12(1):e0169390 Cross-sectional study; Adult, n = 21 Applied use Energy expenditure; Stress and recovery Firstbeat method was used to assess deployment specific energy demands and physiological responses of firemen. Results support the use of a modern technology for the comprehensive evaluation of physiological variables and
food consumption in free-living occupational settings.
Validating the use of heart rate variability for estimating energy expenditurete variability for estimating energy expenditure Robertson AH, King K, Ritchie SD, Gauthier AP, Laurence M & Dorman SC 2015 International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences 3(2): 19-26 Cohort study; Adult, n = 30 Validity Energy expenditure; VO2max Energy expenditure provided by Firstbeat method was validated against indirect calorimetry. The authors concluded that EE estimates provided by Firstbeat are sufficiently accurate to indicate that the method possesses practical utility and may be used for individual EE monitoring.
Exercise for fitness does not decrease the muscular inactivity time during normal daily life Finni T, Haakana P, Pesola AJ & Pullinen T 2014 Scandinavian Journal of Medicine and Science in Sport 24: 211-219 Cross-sectional study; Adult, n = 27 Applied use Energy expenditure Energy expenditure provided by Firstbeat method was used as a reference for daily energy expenditure and compared to muscle activity data [EMG] during active and non-active days
Heart rate variability recordings are a valid non-invasive tool for evaluating soldiers’ stress Salonen M, Kokko J, Tyysk J & Koivu M 2013 Journal of Defence Studies and Resource Management Cross-sectional study Applied use; Usability Energy expenditure Firstbeat methods were utilized in assessing soldiers’ energy expenditure and cardiovascular autonomic modulation during 72-hour military field training and shown applicable method for assessing soldiers’ stress
Validation of heart rate monitor-based predictions of oxygen uptake and energy expenditure Montgomery P, Green D, Etxebarria N, Pyne D, Saunders P & Minahan C 2009 Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research 23(5): 1489-1495 Cross-sectional study; Adult, n = 17 Validity Energy expenditure; VO2 Firstbeat VO2 estimation method vary ~ 6% in submaximal–maximal running compared to calibrated laboratory gas exchange system, and less if accurate background parameters are used
A novel method for using heart rate variability data for estimation of oxygen consumption and energy expenditure: A validation Smolander J, Rusko H, Ajoviita M, Juuti T & Nummela A 2007 ECSS congress Cross-sectional study; Adult, n = 20 Validity Energy expenditure; VO2 Firstbeat method provides adequate estimates of breathing frequency and on/off-kinetics of HR and VO2, and consequently the oxygen consumption and energy expenditure
Energy expenditure can be accurately estimated from HR without individual laboratory calibration Pulkkinen A, Saalasti S & Rusko H 2005 ACSM congress Cross-sectional study: Adult, n = 32 Validity Energy expenditure Firstbeat method provided an accurate and practical method for estimating energy expenditure without individual laboratory calibration making it especially suitable for field use